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Dental Pulp Stem Cells Aid in the Regeneration of Periodontal Tissue

This paper shows that expressing a specific gene in dental stem cells can make them even better at regeneration of periodontal tissue.

ABSTRACT

SFRP2 Promotes Stem Cells from Apical Papilla-Mediated Periodontal Tissue Regeneration in Miniature Pig.

J Oral Rehabil. 2019 Aug 30. doi: 10.1111/joor.12882. [Epub ahead of print]

Li G1,2, Han N1,3, Yang H1, Zhang X1,3, Cao Y1, Cao Y4, Shi R5, Wang S2,6, Fan Z1.

Author information

  1. Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
  2. Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
  3. Department of Periodontology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
  4. Department of General Dentistry, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
  5. Department of Endodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
  6. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100069, China.

OBJECTIVES:

Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy is a reliable treatment for periodontal tissue regeneration, while ideal regeneration rate is still a facing problem. In previous study, we found SFRP2 a promising gene in modulating mesenchymal stem cells potential. We further investigated its role on periodontal tissue regeneration.

METHODS:

We created periodontitis model in miniature pigs and locally injected with stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP). The periodontitis models were classed into three groups, SFRP2-SCAP group (injected with SCAP overexpressing with SFRP2), SCAP group (injected with SCAP transduced with vector backbone) and saline group (vehicle group injected with saline). Clinical assignment, CT scanning, histopathological assessment and quantitative analysis were applied to evaluate the regeneration effect.

RESULTS:

12 weeks after the injection, we found healthier gingival status in SFRP2-SCAP group than the other two groups. Clinical assignments results showed values of probing depth, gingival recession, and attachment loss were improved in SFRP2-SCAP group than that of SCAP group and saline group. The volume of new born bone was also enhanced in SFRP2-SCAP group than SCAP group and saline group. The difference of clinical assignments and new born bone between each group were significant relevant. HE staining demonstrated increased tissue regeneration in SFRP2-SCAP group than SCAP group and saline group.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings revealed that SFRP2 could enhance SCAP mediated periodontal tissue regeneration and provide a potential target for improving the regeneration of periodontal tissue. This article is protected by copyright.

 

© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

PMID: 31469431

DOI: 10.1111/joor.12882